

The corresponding author would like to thank the anonymous reviewers who had given constructive comments to this manuscript. The future studies may thus refer to this work to understand the application of netnography and the procedures in analysing data from social media using this software.


Second, this paper details the steps in using NVivo 12 Plus to analyse the unstructured data sampled from the internet. Therefore, a theoretical implication derived from industrial practices is contributed. First, this paper is among the pioneers in studying digital zakat campaign during COVID-19 outbreak by using a netnographic approach. This study contributes to the novelty in the Islamic marketing debate within two folds.
